learn HTML Basic Concepts

What is HTML

HTML History

Sir Tim Berners-Lee developed HTML in late 1989, and he is considered as the Father of HTML.
In 1996, the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) became the authority to maintain the HTML specifications.
It became an international standard (ISO) in 2000.

What is HTML?

HTML is a language for describing web pages.

HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language
HTML is not a programming language, it is a markup language
A markup language is a set of markup tags
HTML uses markup tags to describe web pages
HyperText is the method by which Internet users navigate the web. By clicking on special text called hyperlinks, users are brought to new pages. The use of hyper means it is not linear, so users can go anywhere on the Internet simply by clicking on the available links. Markup is what HTML tags do to the text inside of them; they mark it as a specific type of text.

HTML is a markup language that defines the structure of your content. HTML consists of a series of elements, which you use to enclose, or wrap, different parts of the content to make it appear a certain way, or act a certain way. The enclosing tags can make a word or image hyperlink to somewhere else, can italicize words, can make the font bigger or smaller, and so on.

Types of tags in HTML

There are two types of tags in HTML:

Paired Tags (Opening and Closing Tags)
Unpaired Tags (Singular Tag)

Paired Tags - Opening and Closing Tags

Paired tags are a set of two tags with the same name. In each Paired tag set, one is an opening tag, and the other one is the closing tag. The closing tag has a / slash, it means that the tag is closed now.

It is necessary to close a paired tag; When the content is written within paired tags, then it ensures that the effect of those tags would be limited to only the content between them.

Unpaired Tags - Singular Tags

Unpaired tags are single tags with no closing tag. These tags are also called Singular Tags. These are also called non-container tags because they do not contain any content.

Anatomy of an HTML element

Let's explore this paragraph element a bit further.

The main parts of our element are as follows:

The opening tag: This consists of the name of the element (in this case, p), wrapped in opening and closing angle brackets. This states where the element begins or starts to take effect — in this case where the paragraph begins.

The closing tag: This is the same as the opening tag, except that it includes a forward slash before the element name. This states where the element ends — in this case where the paragraph ends. Failing to add a closing tag is one of the standard beginner errors and can lead to strange results.

The content: This is the content of the element, which in this case, is just text.

The element: The opening tag, the closing tag, and the content together comprise the element.

Anatomy of an HTML document

Individual elements are combined to form an entire HTML page.

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<title>This is title </title>

</head>

<body>

Container

</body>

</html>

Here, we have the following:

<!DOCTYPE html> :- doctypes are meant to act as links to a set of rules that the HTML page had to follow to be considered good HTML, which could mean automatic error checking and other useful things.

<html></html>:-<html> the element. This element wraps all the content on the entire page and is sometimes known as the root element.

<head></head>:-the <head> element. This element acts as a container for all the stuff you want to include on the HTML page that isn't the content you are showing to your page's viewers. This includes things like keywords and a page description that you want to appear in search results, CSS to style our content, character set declarations, and more.

<title></title>:- the <title> element. This sets the title of your page,

which is the title that appears in the browser tab the page is loaded in. It is also

used to describe the page when you bookmark/favorite it.

<body></body> :- the <body> element. This contains all the content that you

want to show to web users when they visit your page, whether that's text,

images, videos, games, playable audio tracks, or whatever else.

HTML Tags

HTML markup tags are usually called HTML tags

• HTML tags are keywords surrounded by angle brackets like

• HTML tags normally come in pairs like and

• The first tag in a pair is the start tag, the second tag is the end tag

• Start and end tags are also called opening tags and closing tags

HTML Documents = Web Pages

HTML documents describe web pages
HTML documents contain HTML tags and plain text
HTML documents are also called web pages The purpose of a web browser (like Internet Explorer or Firefox) is to read HTML documents and display them as web pages. The browser does not display the HTML tags, but uses the tags to interpret the content of the page.